Strengthening Indigenous Capabilities: Analysis of India’s Defence R&D Ecosystem

India’s defence sector has witnessed a significant shift under the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government’s comprehensive ‘whole-of-nation’ approach to strengthen indigenous capabilities and reduce reliance on foreign imports. The government has implemented a multifaceted multi-stakeholder strategy encompassing policy reforms, funding mechanisms, infrastructure development, skill enhancement and technological partnerships to foster a robust domestic defence manufacturing ecosystem. These efforts have resulted in a tangible increase in the share of domestic procurement in the defence capital acquisition budget, enhanced defence exports and greater private sector participation in defence R&D and manufacturing. India’s strategic thrust towards self-reliance (atmanirbharta) in defence production is aimed at strengthening the country’s strategic autonomy, technological prowess and global influence in the defence domain.

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