In the context of the recent Hantavirus and Ebolavirus outbreaks, this commentary examines the weakness in international health preparedness against zoonotic spillovers, travel-linked clusters,
biosafety, biosecurity, pathogen sharing and equitable access to countermeasures. The article argues that the International Health Regulations and the WHO Pandemic Agreement remain important
but incomplete, especially while the Pathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing framework remains unsettled.