Space Security and Global Cooperation

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ABOUT THE BOOK

For the last five decades artificial satellites are being used to perform diverse roles in astronomy, atmospheric studies and education. They have been found useful for reconnaissance, meteorology, navigation, communication and search & rescue.

Space technologies are offering benefits to space faring nations and space derived products are available at a price. Space is also been seen as the ultimate high ground and gives armies and space faring nations tremendous advantage on the battlefield. After the Chinese ASAT test in January 2007, the global community has now become more concerned about the likely weaponisation of space.

With these aspects as a backdrop, this book Space Security and Global Cooperation is a collection of papers that were presented at the Space Security Conference organised by the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, New Delhi and the Centre for Defence and International Security Studies, London. The book covers a wide spectrum of issues related to the field of space security, emerging technologies, regional perspectives, space tourism, space law and global cooperation. It is an attempt to contextualise the debates in a more cogent form.

ABOUT THE EDITORS

Wg. Cdr. Ajey Lele is an Air Force officer currently working with IDSA as a Research Fellow. His research interests include: space security, strategic technologies and WMDs. He holds a PhD from School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University and has done his masters in Physics from Pune University. He has authored two books and published articles in various journals, newspapers and websites.

Gunjan Singh is a Researcher at IDSA. She has completed her M. Phil from School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University and is currently pursuing her PhD. Her research interests include: China, disarmament and space law.

CONTENTS IN DETAIL

About the Editors/Contributors

Preface
Introduction

Section I: Global Overview

1. Can Space Cooperation Lead to Space Security? — A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
2. The Emerging World Space Order: An Indian Perspective
   — K. Kasturirangan
4. US National Security Space — Joseph Rouge

Section II: Strategic Space

5. A Code of Conduct for Responsible: Space-faring Nations — Michael Krepon
6. Strategic Space, a Variable-Geometry Concept — Isabelle Sourbès-Verger
7. Strategic Space — Raja Menon
8. The Use of Outer Space for Security and Defence: The European Perspective — Thomas Beer
9. Space and the Israeli Experience: Geography, Technology, Security
   — S. Samuel C. Rajiv

Section III: Space Cooperation

10. Remote Sensing and Earth Observation Satellites: Space Cooperation and Space Security — Amitav Mallik
11. A Note on Earth Observation Satellites — K. Santhanam
12. Space Security and Competition for Radio Frequencies and Geostationary Slots — Ram Jakhu and Karan Singh
13. Satellite Earth Observation for Monitoring International Security Regimes — Masami Onoda
14. EU Cooperation in Space and Security and the Way Ahead
    — Tomaz Lovrencic

Section IV: Emerging Space Technology

15. Small Satellites: Their Emerging Role in International Space Security
    — Martin Sweeting
16. India’s SATNAV Programme: GAGAN and IRNSS — Suresh Kibe
17. Space-based Signal Intelligence Systems: Global Trends and Technologies
    — Sreehari Rao
18. Space Exploration: A Measure of American Collaboration — Chris Shank

Section V: Space Law and Future Issue

19. Space Security: Legal Implications — Ranjana Kaul
20. A Proxy to Space Security Measures: Possibility of Soft Law Rules in International Space Law — Setsuko Aoki

Section VI: Space Industry

21. The US Industry Perspective — Alan Merbaum
22. Space Industry and Promising Technologies — Ajey Lele

Appendix I: Treaty on the Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space, the Threat or Use of Force Against Outer Space Objects: Draft
Appendix II: 1979 United Nations Moon Treaty
Index

CONTRIBUTORS

:

Setsuko Aoki is a Professor at the Faculty of Policy Management, Keio University, Japan, and also a member of Telecommunications Council of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MICj).

Thomas Beer is with the Security Strategy and Partnership Development Office, European Space Agency (ESA), Paris.

Isaac Ben-Israel is Chairman, Israel Space Agency.

Ram Jakhu is an Associate Professor at the Institute of Air and Space Law, Faculty of Law, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

A.P.J. Abdul Kalam is former President of India.

K. Kasturirangan is the Director of the National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS) and former Chairman, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Ranjana Kaul is partner Dua Associates, New Delhi.
Suresh Kibe is the Programme Director of SATNAV, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Michael Krepon is co-founder of the Henry L. Stimson Center, Diplomat Scholar at the University of Virginia.

Tomaz Lovrencic is the Deputy Director, European Union Satellite Centre (EUSC), Madrid, Spain.

Amitav Mallik is a former member of National Security Advisory Board (NSAB), and Director Defence Science Centre, New Delhi.

Alan Merbaum is the Sr. Manager, Air and Missile Defense Systems, Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control, Dallas, Texas.

Raja Menon is a retired Rear Admiral and currently the Chairman of the Task Force on Net Assessment and Simulation in the National Security Council, India Masami Onoda is a Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science/Kyoto University.

S. Samuel C. Rajiv is a Researcher at the Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi.

Sreehari Rao is the Director of Defence Electronics Research Laboratory, Hyderabad.

Joseph Rouge is Director, National Security Space Office, Department of Defence (DoD), USA.

Krishnamurthy Santhanam is the former Director General, Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA), New Delhi.

Chris Shank is the Director of Strategic Investments, NASA, USA.

Karan Singh is a researcher at the Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Isabelle Sourbes-Verger is senior researcher at the National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France and a member of the European Space Policy Research and Academic Network (ESPRAN).

Sir Martin Sweeting is the CEO and founder of the University owned spin-off company, Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL), United Kingdom.

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