India and Pakistan fought their first war over Kashmir soon after independence and it ended with a ceasefire coming into effect on 1 January 1949. Thereafter, talks commenced to delimit, demarcate and delineate a ceasefire line (CFL) between the two sides. On 27 July 1949, under the auspices of the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan (UNCIP), the Karachi Ceasefire Agreement (CFA)Footnote1 was signed. Even though this agreement delimited the CFL at the glaciers, it was subsequently demarcated only to grid reference NJ 9842, a point lying well short.