Although great efforts have been made to promote biological security awareness and education from State Parties and civil society, the progress is still very slow and without an effective and agreed implementation plan. However, State Parties to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) have reached a consensus agreement that a radical change in how science and technology is dealt with under the Convention must be a major decision during the current inter-sessional period up to the 10th Review Conference.