The successful Ukrainian missile strike on the Russian naval base in Sevastopol, Crimea on 13 September 2023 could force the Russian Navy to relocate the Black Sea Fleet to Novorossiysk on the Russian mainland, which could increase supply chain vulnerabilities.

India is developing reliable deep-sea mining technologies and platforms to tap ocean resources to address its need for rare earth minerals that increasingly power renewable energy sources.

Pakistan is going through a multifaceted political crisis with political elites not able to evolve a consensus on a range of issues, including the conduct of general elections.