Money, manpower and material (3Ms) determine a state's capacity to leverage its hard power for fulfilling its national security objectives.
While limitation in aims set is acknowledged as the primary way of conflict limitation, the point lost sight of usually on the politico-military facet is war termination.
Over the short term, events in Pakistan dictate higher order readiness. In the middle term, equations have to be managed with China so as to gain time to get the second strike capability and infrastructure organised.
Nuclear weapons cannot obviate wars, but can change its complexion and influence the manner of its conduct.
Although the broad contours of India's nuclear doctrine were announced within the days of May 1998 nuclear tests, the formal doctrine was made public only five years later.
In May 1998, India and Pakistan surprised the world by carrying out nuclear weapon tests. The tests were followed by two developments. The positive development was Lahore Summit in February 1999.
Ten years later, the Kargil War still arouses deep emotions turning around Pakistan's gross perfidy, an intelligence failure, great heroism, military improvisation and innovation, a national upsurge,
The paper examines the utilisation of air power in the 1962 India-China war and in the 1999 Kargil conflict.